ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the compliance of patients with allergic rhinitis（AR） receiving sublingual immunotherapy and its influencing factors. Methods:The clinical data of 291 AR patients who received sublingual immunotherapy for dust mites at the First Hospital of Peking University from January 2016 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and their outpatient or telephone follow-up was conducted. For patients whose treatment time was less than 2 years, the time and reason for the loss were recorded, and the factors affecting their compliance were discussed from the aspects of gender, age, and education. Results:Among the 291 patients, 245 cases（84.2%） were successfully followed up, and 193 cases（78.8%） fell off midway（treatment time<2 years）. The overall compliance rate was 21.22%（52/245）. The compliance rate of children is higher than that of adults（χ²=21.306, P<0.05）, and gender and education level have no significant effect on the compliance rate. The time period for the largest number of shedding was 6-<12 months after treatment（68 cases, 27.8%）. The main cause of shedding was symptom relief, which was considered cured（16.7%）. Secondly, within 3 months after treatment, a total of 61 patients（24.9%） fell off, of which 34 cases（13.9%） fell off because of troublesome medication, often missed medication, and simply stopped taking the drug. Statistics on the overall reasons for shedding in 193 patients, the top three shedding reasons were: cured after symptom relief（59 cases, 30.6%）, troublesome medication, discontinuation after missed dose（44 cases, 22.8%）, slow onset or ineffectiveness（26 cases, 13.5%）. Conclusion:The overall compliance of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis is poor, and the compliance of children is better than that of adults. Clinicians should focus on the reasons for patients to fall off at various times, strengthen patient education, enhance patient confidence in treatment, and improve the compliance of patients.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Animals , Humans , Sublingual Immunotherapy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Rhinitis, Allergic/drug therapy , Desensitization, Immunologic , Pyroglyphidae , Immunotherapy , Antigens, Dermatophagoides/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Introducción. Como sucede en otras partes del mundo, la prevalencia de asma y rinitis alérgica en Colombia está en aumento. Se ha establecido que la inmunoterapia subcutánea con alérgenos es eficaz a largo plazo en pacientes con rinitis alérgica y asma sensibilizados a Dermophagoides. Objetivo. Proveer evidencia sobre los cambios relacionados con la calidad de vida inducidos por la inmunoterapia subcutánea en sujetos con alergia respiratoria. Materiales y métodos. Se seleccionaron 76 sujetos con diagnóstico de alergia respiratoria con sensibilización a Dermatophagoides farinae y Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus . Para la evaluación de la calidad de vida se emplearon los instrumentos Kidscreen-27 y SF-36 ( Short form 36 ). Estos instrumentos se aplicaron en dos ocasiones: durante la primera visita, en la cual se iniciaba la inmunoterapia subcutánea, y un año después de haberse iniciado el tratamiento. Resultados. Al año de estar recibiendo la inmunoterapia, los 22 sujetos que completaron el estudio presentaron cambios positivos en términos de calidad de vida. En los niños, el principal cambio se presentó en el dominio del ´entorno escolar´ mientras que en los adultos fue en el de la ´función física´ . Discusión. Se evaluaron por primera vez en Colombia los beneficios inducidos por la inmunoterapia subcutánea para ácaros de polvo en la calidad de vida de sujetos con rinitis alérgica y asma mediante los cuestionarios Kidscreen-27 y SF-36. Los resultados proveen evidencia de que la inmunoterapia subcutánea influye positivamente en la calidad de vida en sujetos con rinitis asmática y asma sensibilizados a los ácaros de polvo.
Introduction: The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Colombia is increasing at the same rate as it is in other parts of the world. It has been determined that allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy is effective in subjects with allergic rhinitis and asthma that are sensitized to house dust mites: Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus . Objective: To provide evidence on changes in the quality of life of subjects induced by allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus . Materials and methods: We selected 76 subjects with a diagnosis of respiratory allergy with sensitization to Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus . The instruments used for evaluating the quality of life were Kidscreen-27 and SF-36. These instruments were applied twice for each subject: once during the first visit, and during the twelfth visit corresponding to the one-year follow-up. Results: Twenty-two subjects completed this study. After one year of treatment with allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy, we found positive changes in terms of the quality of life. In children, the main change was in the School Environment domain while in adults it was in the Physical Function domain. Conclusion: We evaluated, for the first time in Colombia, benefits induced by allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy for dust mites in terms of quality of life in subjects with allergic rhinitis and asthma. These results demonstrated that allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy produces a positive influence on subjects sensitized to dust mites that received allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy to Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus after one year.